Great! You have power at 2 of the pins (30 & 86). You did this test with the key turned on, in order to have power at 86.
As viewed from the fuse box or top of the relay.
Now do you have ground to 85?
87 should be ground after going thru a 15amp fuse, and then fuel pump motor. If you pull the fuse, you loose ground. Weird but true. That is why your fuse is showing no power... it is fused after the relay.
If you run jumper wire from 30 to 87, does the fuel pump start? (You probably already did this to empty your fuel tank when it was in the Cobalt.)
My fuel pump wires have 5V reference on the purple wire. I can't seem to find 12V on these wires... I think the fuel pump only turns on when it has low fuel pressure or something, as I can't seem to get it to show me which wire starts the pump. The pump doesn't turn on every time I turn the key... so somehow it knows it already has pressure.
My fuel pump wire colors don't agree with this ALL Data chart. Wierd. Probably different for the SS, and I am looking at the stock connector.
Here is the corrected colors on the AllData diagram: