If the screw is broke off in the sensor you can hold a soldering against the screw until the loctite melts and the screw will spin out without much force.

Also, should there be a flange/spacer between the two, or maybe a gasket? yes, a gasket is needed.
On the topic of starters, I decided to look at whether the relay was working or not. I am not sure which relay it is, I think it is just the solenoid on the starter that is the relay. You won't find a relay in the fuse box. so I went to the starter instead, figuring I could test pins in the connector for voltage to see what was happening. I was a little surprised to see, the starter connector is only a single pin, so it must be getting ground when the key is turned to the crank position. No. It gets power when the key is turned. I ran a long wire between that single-pin connector to where the key is so I could test ... I put one probe from my tester against the wire, and the other probe against known-good ground. I should have gotten a continuity tone upon turning the key, right? No. I did not, so I can only presume something is stopping the car from cranking other than the starter. If you supply 12V+ to the solenoid, then it should run the starter motor.
I wanted to address the below picture. I've had this saved on my computer since I was taking apart my first donor over a year ago. The bottom pole on the starter is labeled "Positive to motor", but mine is grounded. The starter motor is a low resistance connection to ground, but it will draw a lot of amperage if you jump it to 12V+. So, is the picture labeled wrong or do I have something wacky going on?
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The torque app is what I use on my tablet and phone Google play I have the Pro app since I wanted different PID's for monitoring trans temp in my suburban. There is a lite version alsoGreat idea, I knew the locktite would melt with heat but all I could think of was my blue wrench, which probably would melt a lot more than just the locktite.I will give that a shot.
I have an ELM327 OBDII module that I've used for clearing/monitoring codes on my Fords, forever. It's been with me through five Mustangs, my wife's Focus, and now with our Explorer and C-Max. Works great, always has. But now, I can't get it to connect to the ECM on the Goblin. The continuity of the data wires is there, making me think maybe the ECM is not getting power or is possibly even bad? Of course, it could also be the OBDII app I am using on my phone; I had to download a new one because my "main" one is for Ford only. Is there a pin I can test for 12v in the ECM harness, to make sure it's getting power?
I think your starter is wired correctly. You were not testing it correctly.
The torque app is what I use on my tablet and phone Google play I have the Pro app since I wanted different PID's for monitoring trans temp in my suburban. There is a lite version also
Here is the gasket just type part number into google and they are on Amazon and rock auto and etc.
126098878 you will need 2 one for both ends
"I ran a long wire between that single-pin connector to where the key is so I could test ... I put one probe from my tester against the wire, and the other probe against known-good ground. I should have gotten a continuity tone upon turning the key, right? "I'm not sure what I could be doing wrong. If the solenoid gets 12v when you turn the key, that pin should show 12v when I turn the key with a voltmeter, as long as the second probe is grounded.
If your fuel pump isn't priming and your throttle body isn't moving, then I think you have other issues. The starter not working is probably another symptom of whatever is going on.
You need the meter set to measure voltage, not continuity.
Yes, There should be 12v at the solenoid when the key it turned to the start position.
"I ran a long wire between that single-pin connector to where the key is so I could test ... I put one probe from my tester against the wire, and the other probe against known-good ground. I should have gotten a continuity tone upon turning the key, right? "
I think you should take every connector loose and check for bent pins and when you reinstall them make sure they are seating properly.
Also with each connector you remove see if it has any ground wires. If it does check for continuity back to your frame.
Check all of your fuses, some fuses will say they are for one thing but they will have other circuits piggy backed with it.
Make sure the fifty amp fuse up front near the battery is supplying power to the red plug at the BCM.
With having multiple symptoms you are likely to find that it is a bad ground or something not plugged in completely.
We have one base middle here that will not run unless you push in on the ECM connector really hard while installing it. We found the problem by accidentally leaning on the connector.
So in other words, I am running the original ignition and key, but a different theft module. I have not changed the BCM or ECM out.
I think this is your problem. For anybody who has the '09 service manual, on page 6-9 under "Programming and Setup" there is a section for initializing the theft deterrent module. That part I'm not sure of is it just the Tech-II version of the key learn process or is there more to it than that. It looks like there is more to it than just doing the 30 minute key learn.
I think you should take every connector loose and check for bent pins and when you reinstall them make sure they are seating properly.
Also with each connector you remove see if it has any ground wires. If it does check for continuity back to your frame.
Check all of your fuses, some fuses will say they are for one thing but they will have other circuits piggy backed with it.
Make sure the fifty amp fuse up front near the battery is supplying power to the red plug at the BCM.
With having multiple symptoms you are likely to find that it is a bad ground or something not plugged in completely.
We have one base middle here that will not run unless you push in on the ECM connector really hard while installing it. We found the problem by accidentally leaning on the connector.